| 引用本文：钟东波.公立医院的经济学实质和依据[J].中国卫生政策研究,2008,1(1):45-50 |
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| 公立医院的经济学实质和依据 |
| 投稿时间：2008-09-18 修订日期：2008-10-06 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 钟东波 |
| 卫生部政策法规司 |
| 摘要:在市场经济条件下，公立医院是政府为弥补市场缺陷而干预市场、实现特定社会政策目标而建立的一种公共服务机构。公共生产是众多政府干预方式中的一种，其经济实质是政府作为所有者，从要素市场购买生产要素直接提供产品或服务。在如下三种情形下公共生产是合理的：当政府干预从产品市场进入要素市场能够降低交易费用时；当市场欠缺，需要依靠政府投入资金时；掌握剩余索取权和剩余控制权对政府具有特殊意义时。医疗领域是一个市场机制全面失灵的领域，公共生产的依据都适合医疗领域，作为公共生产的一种具体形式，公立医院以一种全面的、整合的方式解决医疗领域的多种市场失灵，具有明显的优势。 |
| 关键词:公立医院 市场失灵 政府干预 |
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| Economic essential and evidence of public hospital |
| ZHONG Dong-bo |
| Department of Health Policy and Legislation, Ministry of Health |
| Abstract:In a market economy, public hospitals work as a government agency to resolve market failure and to pursue specified social policy objectives. Public production, one of various government intervention instruments, means that the government plays as an owner, and makes rather buys products and service from the factor market. The public production will be desirable under the following three situations: (a) transaction cost can be reduced, (b) market is missing, (c) and the residual claim and residual rights of control are vital for the government. Health sector is characteristized as a feature of total market failure, which makes public hospital a desirable intervention for the government to resolve various type of market failure in a comprehensive and integrated way. |
| Key words:Public hospital, Market failure, Government intervention |
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