| 引用本文：杜方冬,王瑞珂.美国医疗改革及对我国的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2010,3(11):52-57 |
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| 美国医疗改革及对我国的启示 |
| 投稿时间：2010-04-16 修订日期：2010-09-12 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 杜方冬1, 王瑞珂2 |
| 1.中南大学湘雅医学院;2.中南大学湘雅医院 |
| 摘要:医疗费用持续高涨、卫生可及性和卫生公平性等问题一直困扰着美国政府，2009年的金融危机更是使美国的医疗体制雪上加霜，这也进一步坚定了奥巴马政府实施医疗改革的决心。美国医疗改革的主要措施为：扩大医疗保险的覆盖面，制订有利于弱势群体的医疗保险政策；扩大筹资范围，缩减不必要的医疗费用开支；提高医疗服务质量等。然而，在经济环境的恶化以及来自利益集团的多重压力下，美国的医疗改革不可能解决医疗体制中存在的根本性问题。美国的经验告诉我们，一个国家的经济发展水平不是卫生公平的必要条件，构建一个医疗资源分配合理、医疗保险制度完善、医疗服务质量与效率高、医疗费用合理的公共医疗服务体系才是公民平等享有健康权利的关键。 |
| 关键词:医疗改革 公平性 可及性 医疗保险 美国 |
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| Health care reform in United States and its enlightenment to China |
| DU Fang-dong1, WANG Rui-ke2 |
| 1.Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University;2.Xiangya Hospital, Central South University |
| Abstract:The Government of the United States has been faced by the exploding cost of health care, worsening health care accessibility and health imparity for a long time. Economy crisis beginning from 2009 makes the situation of health care system of USA worse than ever, and it pushed President Obama to make a decision to promote healthcare reform in USA. His purposes are to make health insurance plan cover citizen as much as possible, consider well vulnerable groups in the process of health insurance policy formulation, reduce medical expenses and promote medical service quality, etc. But it is not easy, and the fundamental problem of healthcare system of USA is hard to solve. What we learn from American experience is that the key of health equality is not economy situation, but allocation of medical resources, health insurance, medical service quality and efficiency, and cheap medical service system. |
| Key words:Health care reform Equity Accessibility Medical insurance United States |
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