| 引用本文：张国杰,王镇,汪洋,等.我国农村成人选择乙肝疫苗接种的内在动因——基于健康信念模型的分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2012,5(11):60-64 |
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| 我国农村成人选择乙肝疫苗接种的内在动因——基于健康信念模型的分析 |
| 投稿时间：2012-09-12 修订日期：2012-10-19 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 张国杰1, 王镇1, 汪洋1, 王健1 |
| 山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心 |
| 摘要:目的：研究推动我国农村成人选择乙肝疫苗接种的内在动因。方法：采用概率比例规模抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法，抽取北京市大兴区农村成人879人（包括流动人口和非流动人口），并进行问卷调查；利用健康信念模型识别影响接种意愿的内在认知因素。结果：流动人口有接种意愿的概率低于非流动人口。健康信念模型各要素均对接种意愿有显著性影响。年龄、是否流动人口、行动提示和既往接种经历等结构变量，可影响自我预期的乙肝易感性、严重性、接种乙肝疫苗所获得的利益和可能遇到的障碍，继而影响其乙肝疫苗接种的选择行为。结论：健康信念模型合理解释了影响农村成人乙肝疫苗接种意愿的认知因素，且认知因素可显著影响接种意愿；流动人口认知水平较低，因此其接种意愿也低于非流动人口；干预措施应针对流动人口和中老年人，充分利用各种资源，增加接种可及性，调动成人的接种意愿。 |
| 关键词:意愿 乙肝疫苗 疫苗接种 成人 健康信念模型 |
| 基金项目:挪威研究委员会资助项目（196400/S50）；艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治项目(2009ZX10002 028) |
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| Cognitive factors promoting rural adults’ hepatitis B immunization: A health belief model approach |
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| Abstract:Objective: This article investigates the cognitive factors promoting rural adults’ hepatitis B immunization Methods: 879 rural adults including migrants and non migrants were selected through Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS) and cluster sampling in Daxing, Beijing Questionnaire survey about vaccination and its determinants was conducted and health belief model was applied to recognize and explain the cognitive factors of willingness to be vaccinated Results: The willingness to be vaccinated from migrants is lower than that of non migrants The willingness can be influenced by self perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barrier, which can be influenced by structural factors such as age, whether migrants, cues to action and past experiences Conclusion: The cognitive factors which can significantly influence the willingness were reasonably explained by HBM Lower cognition resulted in lower willingness in migrants Intervention should focus on migrants and the elderly, use all sorts of resources, and improve accessibility, so that the willingness to be vaccinated can be motivated |
| Key words:Willingness Hepatitis B vaccine Vaccination Adult Health belief model |
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