| 引用本文：杜方冬,王瑞珂.美国卫生公平社会决定因素分析与对策[J].中国卫生政策研究,2012,5(12):34-39 |
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| 美国卫生公平社会决定因素分析与对策 |
| 投稿时间：2012-09-20 修订日期：2012-11-23 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 杜方冬1, 王瑞珂2 |
| 1.中南大学湘雅医学院;2.中南大学湘雅医院 |
| 摘要:卫生不公平是当前全球普遍面临的重大课题，但导致不同国家卫生不公平的原因又各有不同。本文对影响美国卫生公平的社会决定因素进行了分析，并对美国政府及相关机构采取的相应措施及难点进行了阐述。造成美国卫生不公平的主要原因在于种族及阶级歧视、贫富不均、就业及生活环境、生活习惯等方面存在差异；采取的相应措施包括成立促进卫生公平的相关组织，研究并揭示导致卫生不公平的社会决定因素，唤醒公民主动追求公平的意识，为决策者提供改善公平性的政策建议。最后提出了对我国的启示，如提高公众对卫生公平性的认识、缩小贫富差距、杜绝种族歧视、加强劳动保护和健康管理、保护环境等。 |
| 关键词:卫生公平 社会决定因素 对策 |
| 基金项目:国家公派博士后研究项目（留金出［2008］3027号） |
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| Analysis and countermeasures on the social determinants of health equity in the United States |
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| Abstract:Health inequity is an important task to every country in the world， and the cause of health inequity is different across countries This paper discussed social determinants of health inequity in the United States(US)， and expatiated on the measures implemented by American government and organizations In the US， discrimination， economic disparities， neighborhood and work environments， habits and customs are the main causes for health inequality The measures has been taken to promote the health equity in the US， such as， setting up related organization， studying and revealing social determinants of health， raising awareness for the pursuit of health equity, providing policy suggestions of improving health equity At last,we provided the implications for China, including improving public health equity understanding， narrowing the gap between rich and poor， eliminating racial discrimination， strengthening labor protection and health management， protecting the environment and so on |
| Key words:Health equity Social determinants Countermeasure |
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