| 引用本文：汤胜蓝,John Ehiri,龙倩.慢性非传染性疾病：中国卫生领域被忽视的最大挑战[J].中国卫生政策研究,2013,6(10):6-11 |
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| 慢性非传染性疾病：中国卫生领域被忽视的最大挑战 |
| 投稿时间：2013-09-10 修订日期：2013-09-28 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 汤胜蓝1, John Ehiri2, 龙倩3 |
1. 杜克大学全球卫生研究所 美国达勒姆 27708
2. 亚利桑那大学梅尔-伊妮德朱克曼公共卫生学院 美国图森 85724
3. 重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院 重庆 400016 |
| 摘要:近20年来,国际卫生政策更加注重解决艾滋病、结核病、疟疾以及其他妇幼健康问题,但这颠倒了中国以及其他亚洲国家疾病控制的优先重点。尽管这些卫生问题不容忽视,但由于中国持续快速的社会经济和人口转变,慢性非传染性疾病已经造成了沉重的疾病负担。目前中国的慢性病占整个疾病负担的80%,但在国家疾病控制计划中排名十分靠后,中央和地方政府财政投入较少,许多慢性病患者得不到有效治疗。国际组织和各国政府已经意识到慢性病对包括中国在内的中低收入国家造成了严重的社会和经济后果,但过去十年,针对慢性病的捐赠项目在这些国家却很少得到有效实施。由于缺乏国际组织和政府的有力支持,中国贫困人群以及农村和偏远地区人群患慢性病后无法获得及时治疗。常规性的门诊和治疗费用已成为中国因病致贫的重要因素。尽管中国持续性的卫生体制改革为解决目前的公共卫生问题提供了机遇,但除非采取针对性的措施为其提供充足的财政和人力支持,否则并不足以解决慢性病的威胁。面对当前的流行病学模式以及社会人口和生活方式转变,中国政府需制定以本国国情为导向、循证为基础的疾病防控政策及优先拨款计划。 |
| 关键词:非传染性疾病 传染性疾病 循证公共卫生干预措施 卫生体制改革 中国 |
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| China’s biggest, most neglected health challenge：Non-communicable diseases |
| TANG Sheng-lan1, John Ehiri2, LONG Qian3 |
1. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham 27708, USA
2. Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA
3. School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China |
| Abstract:Over the past two decades, international health policies focusing on the fight against the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and those diseases that address maternal and child health problems. among others, have skewed disease control priorities in China and other Asian countries. Although these are important health problems, an epidemic of chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in China has accounted for a much greater burden of disease due to the ongoing rapid socioeconomic and demographic transition. Although NCDs currently account for more than 80% of the overall disease burden in China, they remain very low on the nation's disease control priorities, attracting marginal investment from central and local governments. This leaves the majority of patients with chronic conditions without effective treatment. International organizations and national governments have recognized the devastating social and economic consequences caused by NCDs in low-and middle-income countries, including China. Yet, few donor-funded projects that address NCDs have been implemented in these countries over the past decade. Because of a lack of strong support from international organizations and national governments for fighting against NCDs, affected persons in China, especially the poor and those who live in rural and lessdeveloped regions, continue to have limited access to the needed care. Costs associated with frequent health facility visits and regular treatment has become a major factor in medical impoverishment in China. This article argues that although China's ongoing health system reform would provide a unique opportunity to tackle current public health problems, it may not be sufficient to address the emerging threat of NCDs unless targeted steps are taken to assure that adequate financial and human resources are mapped for effective control and management of NCDs in the country. The Chinese government needs to develop a domestically driven, and evidence-based disease control policy and funding priorities that respond appropriately to the country's current epidemiological transition, and rapid sociodemographic and lifestyle changes. |
| Key words:Non-communicable diseases Infectious diseases Evidence-based public health interventions Health system reform China |
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