| 引用本文：朱雪泉,杨杰.无烟环境执法评价：国际经验及启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2013,6(11):31-37 |
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| 无烟环境执法评价：国际经验及启示 |
| 投稿时间：2013-06-16 修订日期：2013-10-14 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 朱雪泉, 杨杰 |
| 中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室 北京 100050 |
| 摘要:本文在回顾和总结国内外相关文献的基础上，总结无烟环境执法过程及效果评价研究中常用的评价指标类型：投入及活动、产出，烟草使用情况、二手烟暴露、健康效应等，并提出了开展评价研究中存在的问题及建议，包括考虑法律规定条款，平衡群体特征带来的影响，建立完善的信息收集及监测系统等，为今后开展统一的综合评价提供参考依据。建议我国的无烟环境法律立法和执法的评估工作应注意以下几个问题：注重过程评价；合理选取效果评价指标；结合项目或地方活动或法律特点；避免烟草业的干扰。 |
| 关键词:评价 无烟环境法律 综述 |
| 基金项目:国际防痨和肺部疾病联合会/彭博慈善基金会项目 |
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| Evaluating the enforcement of anti-smoking laws：International experience and implication for China |
| ZHU Xue-quan, YANG Jie |
| Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Cente for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China |
| Abstract:More and more countries and districts are legislating against smoking. Such legislative measures tend to be diverse and complicated,which makes it difficult to evaluate anti-smoking legislation. This paper reviews the scientific literature on legislating and enforcing anti-smoking laws. We summarize research done at home and abroad, key progress and outcome indicators, and index of evaluation research of smoke free legislation, including input and activities, output, tobacco use, secondhand smoke exposure, health effect. There are also solutions to possible problems, such as considering the policy phase, reducing possible influence brought by group factors, building complete information collection and monitoring systems, and providing a basis for policy-making. Future evaluation of legislative and enforcement of anti-smoking laws need to pay attention to some recommendation: Emphasizing the importance in comprehensive evaluation, choosing outcome indicators accordingly, fully considering features of programs、local activities and policy, and avoiding interference from tobacco industry. |
| Key words:Evaluation Anti-smoking laws Review |
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