| 引用本文：张小娟, 朱坤.日本长期照护政策及对我国的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2014,7(4):55-61 |
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| 日本长期照护政策及对我国的启示 |
| 投稿时间：2013-12-11 修订日期：2014-03-14 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 张小娟, 朱坤 |
| 中国医学科学院医学信息研究所/卫生政策与管理研究中心 北京 100020 |
| 摘要:本文综述了日本长期照护政策的发展历程、现状、成就和挑战，为我国建立长期照护保险制度提供借鉴。日本长期照护保险覆盖65岁及以上老年人，申请人通过需要照护水平的认证后可获得居家和机构照护两种服务。保险筹资包括政府财政投入、保费筹集和使用者共付三大来源。日本长期照护保险最主要的特点是实现了全面覆盖，但随着日本老龄化和需照护老年人的增多，日本长期照护保险面临费用持续上涨等挑战。最后，建议借鉴日本经验，我国应该建立覆盖所有老年人、以居家照护为主体、社会资本参与的长期照护制度。 |
| 关键词:人口老龄化 长期照护 启示 |
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| Long-term care policy in Japan and its implications for China |
| ZHANG Xiao-juan, ZHU Kun |
| Institute of Medical Information, Center for Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China |
| Abstract:This paper reviews the long-term care policy in Japan and discusses successes and challenges in order to provide policy guidelines for China. All Japanese adults aged 65 or over are covered by the long-term care insurance (LTCI) program and are eligible for both in-home and institutional-care services following a thorough, systematic care certification process. The program is financed by a mix of general tax revenues from the three levels of government, income-tested premiums, and standardized co-payments. A key success of the policy is its universal and comprehensive coverage. Notwithstanding this success, increasing costs remain a challenge as Japans population ages and the number of LTCI users increases. Learning from the experience of Japan, China should establish a long-term care system, which covers all the aged population, mainly focuses on in-home care, and qualifies social funding to invest. |
| Key words:Aging of population Long term care Implication |
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