| 引用本文：锁凌燕, 冯鹏程.医疗救助制度的国际经验及对中国的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2014,7(9):9-13 |
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| 医疗救助制度的国际经验及对中国的启示 |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-29 修订日期：2014-09-01 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 锁凌燕1, 冯鹏程2 |
1. 北京大学经济学院 北京 100871;
2. 中国人寿保险股份有限公司 北京 100033 |
| 摘要:医疗救助制度是医疗保障制度的重要组成部分，也是衡量一个国家医疗保障制度是否完备和保障水平是否充足的重要标志。为提高贫困人群的医疗服务可及性，缓解重特大疾病带来的沉重负担，国际上绝大多数发达国家都依托各自的医疗保障体系，建立了不同的救助机制。本文对典型国家的医疗救助机制进行了比较研究，发现发达国家公共医疗保险制度多内嵌重大疾病保障机制、向低收入群体提供倾斜性保护，同时设有完备的家计调查式医疗救助制度，并鼓励通过发展商业健康保险释放公共医疗体系压力。基于此，本文从公共资源向低收入弱势群体倾斜、科学界定救助对象、合理确定医疗救助服务范围和标准、加强制度衔接与协调等方面提出了完善我国医疗救助机制的建议。 |
| 关键词:医疗救助 医疗保障体系 国际经验 |
| 基金项目:2012年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目（12JZD036） |
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| International experiences in medical assistance system and implications for China |
| SUO Ling-yan1, FENG Peng-cheng2 |
1. School of Economics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2. China Life Insurance Company, Ltd., Beijing 100033, China |
| Abstract:Medical assistance systems are an integral part of the health security system and they represent the integrity and adequacy of health risk protection. The overwhelming majority of developed countries have already established medical assistance systems to improve the accessibility of healthcare services and provide catastrophic protection for families, especially for the poor. The paper conducts a comparative study of typical foreign medical assistance systems, where in the general method by which developed countries embed catastrophe protection mechanisms into public healthcare security systems and provide tilt protection to the needy is described. Medical assistance is provided on a means-test basis and the development of private health insurance is encouraged to alleviate pressure on the public side. Corresponding implications for China are also warranted, including the provision of tilt protection to the needy, to re-define objects and standards of medical assistance, and enhance the coordination of different medical security systems. |
| Key words:Medical assistance Health security system International experience |
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