| 引用本文：张明吉, 侯志远, 严非.卫生人力资源研究中“激励”及相关基本概念的变化[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(3):65-71 |
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| 卫生人力资源研究中“激励”及相关基本概念的变化 |
| 投稿时间：2015-01-27 修订日期：2015-02-25 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 张明吉, 侯志远, 严非 |
| 复旦大学公共卫生学院 卫生部卫生技术评估重点实验室 上海 200032 |
| 摘要:中文激励理论在卫生服务领域的应用过程中, 中文激励理论的基本概念与英文原有理论的概念用法有所变化。这些基本概念的变化有其应用方面的适宜性, 但也造成了对卫生人力资源管理应用和未来理论发展的困扰。本文使用了理论分析、文献评阅的方法, 探讨了英文motivation的多个概念、中文激励理论的历史文本, 系统评阅了2000年以来卫生服务领域的中文激励相关文献。结果发现, 英文motivation的三种定义分化为激励、动机、积极性三个中文词汇。存在的概念变异是:刺激(incentive)在中文中与“激励”出现混用;“激励”侧重其作为措施和动作的意义, 激励过程在研究中被忽视;“工作积极性”被频繁使用却没有作为正式概念被确定下来。激励概念的变异造成了卫生人力资源研究倾向的偏差, 也不利于分析卫生政策的人员影响。因此, 建议在理论上展开学术讨论厘清“激励”的概念, 未来应重视激励过程、动机的研究。 |
| 关键词:激励理论 激励 积极性 卫生人力资源 |
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| Changes of the usage of “motivation” and related concepts within Chinese literature of human resources for health |
| ZHANG Ming-ji, HOU Zhi-yuan, YAN Fei |
| School of Public Health, Fudan university, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200032, China |
| Abstract:After introduction into Chinese academy, and in the application in health care domain, the usage of “motivation” and related concepts has been changed. The changes were partly due to pragmatic utility, and caused confusion in the application of motivation theory in Chinese human resource for health. Both English and Chinese literature was reviewed and systematic literature review was applied. We analyzed the different definitions of “motivation” in English, and how they were used and understand in Chinese academia in history. “Motivation” was divided into three Chinese concepts, representing the process of motivation, inner driver of motivation and psychological state of being motivated. The other usage changes include willful exchange of “incentive” and “motivation”; “motivation” being used more as a means to motivate than a motivational process; the result of motivation as an aroused psychological state not seriously defined. Systematic literature review revealed the distribution of various motivation topics in Chinese literature and supported the abovementioned arguments. These changes of usage could cause barriers to research of human resource for health in China. It is recommended that usage of “motivation” should be clarified in academia in China and the process of motivation rather than motivation as a managerial means deserves more attention. |
| Key words:Motivation theory Motivation Incentive Human Resource for Health |
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