全球环境与卫生的关联性:政策响应与制度构建

董亮; 张海滨

引用本文：董亮, 张海滨.全球环境与卫生的关联性:政策响应与制度构建[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(7):8-15

全球环境与卫生的关联性:政策响应与制度构建

投稿时间：2015-04-07 修订日期：2015-05-21 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览

董亮, 张海滨

北京大学国际关系学院北京 100871

摘要:本文依据全球治理的理论从政策和制度层面系统地考察了全球环境与卫生的关联性,并对全球环境与卫生治理的结构特征及未来挑战进行了分析。从制度层面看,全球环境与卫生的关联性主要体现在议题关联、法律关联、规范关联、治理模式关联、行为体关联以及机构关联六个方面。当前全球环境与卫生治理的结构呈现三大特点:全球环境与卫生治理正在迅速形成之中;全球环境与卫生治理依然松散和脆弱,未来有很大的发展空间;科学研究、工程技术、资金和外交技巧等方面的优势使发达国家掌握着全球环境与卫生治理的主导权。环境与卫生之间也存在着潜在的冲突。这种冲突既可能来自价值观的不同,也可能来自对环境、卫生与发展之间的关系理解不同。未来全球环境与卫生治理面临环境与卫生问题的政治化与国家安全考量等诸多挑战。

关键词:全球卫生环境关联性政策响应制度构建

基金项目:中英全球卫生支持项目三——“中国全球卫生战略研究”子课题“全球环境与卫生的关联性研究”;国家留学基金委项目(201406010102)

The linkage of global environment and health: Policy response and institutional construction

DONG Liang, ZHANG Hai-bin

School of International Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Abstract:Based on the global governance prospective, this paper examines the linkage of global environment and health and the structural features in terms of the policy and institutions system level, the future challenges are also analyzed as well. From the institutional perspective, the linkage of global environmental and health is mainly reflected in laws, norms, governance models, actors and institutions. The current global environment and health governance structure presents three characteristics: it experiences a rapid formation; it remains fragmented, loose and fragile, thus it has much room for future development; and it is held on dominating advantage in science, engineering and technology, funds, diplomatic skills and other aspects for the developed countries. There is also a potential conflict between environment and health which may be from their different values or from different understanding of the relationship between them. Therefore, the future global environment and health governance faces challenges like politicization and national security considerations.

Key words:Global health Environment linkage Policy response Institutional construction

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