| 引用本文：胡丹, 陈楚康, 张超, 黄明玉, 王静雅, 贾宗林, 李虹, 刘晓云.农村订单定向医学生免费培养政策实施现状调查[J].中国卫生政策研究,2016,9(9):60-64 |
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| 农村订单定向医学生免费培养政策实施现状调查 |
| 投稿时间：2016-07-01 修订日期：2016-09-14 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 胡丹1, 陈楚康1, 张超1, 黄明玉2, 王静雅3, 贾宗林4, 李虹5, 刘晓云1 |
1. 北京大学中国卫生发展研究中心 北京 100191;
2. 青海大学医学院 青海西宁 810016;
3. 赣南医学院农村(社区)医学教育研究中心 江西赣州 341000;
4. 九江学院 江西九江 332000;
5. 广西医科大学 广西南宁 530021 |
| 摘要:调查订单定向医学生的招生情况、培养模式和职业生涯规划，分析农村订单定向医学生免费培养政策的实施过程，为农村基层卫生人才建设提供可行性策略和路径。方法：采用问卷调查和定性研究方法，在江西、青海和广西三个省份抽取四所承担国家订单定向医学生培养项目的院校，对2015年应届医学毕业生308人进行问卷调查、深入访谈和专题小组讨论。结果： 调查对象中，1~15岁主要生活地在农村的有223人（72.9%），家庭年收入平均为2.82万元；选择订单定向政策的主要原因是毕业后有工作、高考分数限制和免学费；各地区政策实施过程中的合同签署和工作安排方面存在很大差异；收入和工作环境是影响毕业生就业意向的主要因素。结论：订单定向政策能够有效解决农村基层卫生人才缺乏问题；尽快完善保障订单定向政策顺利实施的相关政策；提高基层岗位收入和改善工作环境能够留住人才。 |
| 关键词:订单定向 医学教育 政策实施 医学生 |
| 基金项目:美国中华医学基金会项目（CMB 14-201） |
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| Policy implementation of targeted admission medical education program in rural areas |
| HU Dan1, CHEN Chu-kang1, ZHANG Chao1, HUANG Ming-yu2, WANG Jing-ya3, JIA Zong-lin4, LI Hong5, LIU Xiao-yun1 |
1. China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
2. Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining Qinghai 810016, China;
3. Rural (Community) Medical Education Research Center of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000, China;
4. Jiujiang University, Jiujiang Jiangxi 332000, China;
5. Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi 530021, China |
| Abstract:This study aims to investigate the current situation of the enrollment, training model and career planning of medical students in the targeted admission program. After analyzing the implementation process of this targeted admission policy in medical education, we raised some feasible strategies to increase the attraction and retention of health professionals in rural China. The study covered 4 medical universities in central and western China. A cohort of 308 medical graduates from this targeted admission program were recruited in June 2015. A baseline survey, including questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews and the focus group discussions, were conducted right before their graduation. The first follow-up online survey was done 6 months after their graduation. he findings of this investigation show that 72.9% of the investigated students in the program used to live in rural areas before 15 years old. The average annual household income was 28,200 Yuan. The top three reasons of choosing this program were guaranteed job after graduation, low performance in the college entrance examination, and wavier of tuition fee. There were significant differences of implementation of this policy between different provinces, especially the contract-signing and job deployment. Income and working environment were the main influencing factors of the medical graduates' job-seeking intention. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the targeted admission program is rather successful in attracting medical graduates for rural health services. However, extra efforts are needed to improve the implementation of the policy and to retain the medical graduates in rural area. |
| Key words:Targeted admission program Medical education Policy implementation Medical undergraduate |
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