| 引用本文：叶贝珠, 洪雅君, 张萍, 程瑶, 蒋红卫, 孙奕, 王乔凤, 谢小华, Xi Zhu, 张乃兴, 梁渊.患者对健康危险因素的总体感知及其影响因素：一个全国样本的分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2018,11(5):55-60 |
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| 患者对健康危险因素的总体感知及其影响因素：一个全国样本的分析 |
| 投稿时间：2017-10-23 修订日期：2018-01-05 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 叶贝珠1, 洪雅君1, 张萍1, 程瑶1, 蒋红卫1, 孙奕1, 王乔凤3, 谢小华4, Xi Zhu5, 张乃兴6, 梁渊1 |
1. 华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院 湖北武汉 430030;
2. 福建省厦门市解放军第174医院 福建厦门 361003;
3. 中山大学第三附属医院 广东广州 510630;
4. 广东省深圳市第二人民医院 广东深圳 518037;
5. 爱荷华大学公共卫生学院 Iowa city USA;
6. 广东省深圳市卫计委 广东深圳 518031 |
| 摘要:目的：了解患者对健康危险因素的总体感知及其影响因素。方法：采用分层整群抽样的方法，并根据WHO健康社会决定因素框架，从结构因素和调节因素的角度来分析对其的影响。结果：调查对象感知的源自生活的健康相关危险因素危害“较大/很大”所占比例（27.1%）高于源自工作的相应比例（21.7%）。Logistic回归分析结果显示，结构因素中有显著性意义的主要是文化程度和经济状况，小学及以下文化程度的调查对象感知到的危险因素的危害更小（OR源自生活=0.64，95%CI：0.54-0.76；OR源自工作=0.75，95%CI：0.63-0.89）；经济状况较差/很差的患者其危险因素的危害感知更大（OR源自生活=1.54，95%CI：1.31-1.81；OR源自工作=1.72，95%CI：1.47-2.01）；调节因素对两个来源的危险因素的影响没有显著性意义。结论：源自生活的健康危险因素控制可能需要借鉴源自工作的健康危险因素控制的相关措施（即政策法规及相应的组织机构），结构因素和调节因素的影响则揭示健康危险因素的控制可能更需要依靠社会经济发展。 |
| 关键词:健康危险因素 患者感知 健康的社会决定因素 结构因素 调节因素 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（NSFC71273098/G0308） |
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| National sample analysis on patient's general perception of health risk factors and its influencing factors in China |
| YE Bei-zhu1, HONG Ya-jun1, ZHANG Ping1, CHENG Yao1, JIANG Hong-wei1, SUN Yi1, WANG Qiao-feng3, XIE Xiao-hua4, XI Zhu5, ZHANG Nai-xing6, LIANG Yuan1 |
1. School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430030, China;
2. The 174 th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xiamen Fujian 361003, China;
3. The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510630, China;
4. No.2 People's Hospital of Shenzhen Municipality, Shenzhen Guangdong 518037, China;
5. College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa USA;
6. Health and Family Planning Commission of Shenzhen Municipality, Shenzhen Guangdong 518031, China |
| Abstract:Objective:To analyze patient's general perception of health risk factors and its influencing factors. Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method, a national cross-sectional survey was conducted. Influencing factors included structural and intermediary determinants according to the WHO's Framework of Social Determinants of Health. Results:The proportion of high risk factors originated from life was higher than that of those originated from work (being 27.1% vs 21.7%). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that structural determinants had significant influence on patient's general perception of health risk factors. The recorded determinants were education (OR originated from life=0.64, 95% CI:0.54-0.76; OR originated from work=0.75, 95% CI:0.63-0.89) and economic status (OR originated from life=1.54, 95% CI:1.31-1.81; OR originated from work=1.72, 95% CI:1.47-2.01). Most of moderating determinants showed a non-significant effect on the risk factors from the two sources (education and economic status). Conclusions:The characteristics of the patient's overall perception of health risk factors suggests that the risk factors originated from life may need to draw on relevant measures (i.e., policies and regulations and the corresponding organization) controlled by the health risk factors originated from work. The comparison between structural and moderating determinants revealed that the control of health risk factors is possible and may need to be more reliably dependent on socioeconomic development. |
| Key words:Health risk factors Patient's perception Social determinants of health Structural factors Moderating factors |
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