| 引用本文：李珍.关于完善老年服务和长期护理制度的思考与建议[J].中国卫生政策研究,2018,11(8):1-7 |
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| 关于完善老年服务和长期护理制度的思考与建议 |
| 投稿时间：2018-04-23 修订日期：2018-06-16 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 李珍 |
| 中国人民大学公共管理学院 北京 100872 |
| 摘要:我国以家庭为基础，社区为依托、机构为补充、医养结合的多元福利体系已经建成。本文认为与医疗有关的长期护理应纳入基本医疗保险，与生活有关的长期照料属私人事务，当私人在经济上和服务上不能提供有效供给时，政府需要"兜底线"，瞄准对象，建立长期照护津贴制度，为弱势家庭提供长期生活照料的帮助；财政支出政策应由"补供方"为主转向"补需方"为主。文章认为现阶段社会长期护理保险不适合中国国情，建议完善健康养老、积极养老政策降低失能概率；构建"支持和维护家庭"的养老和长期照护政策体系。 |
| 关键词:养老服务 失能老人 长期照料津贴 长期护理保险 |
| 基金项目:中欧合作项目“中国—欧盟社会保护改革”基金资助（DCI-ASIE/2014/350-601） |
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| Thoughts and suggestionson improving the elderly care service and long-term care system |
| LI Zhen |
| School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University, Beijing 100872, China |
| Abstract:In China, the pluralistic welfare system that is based on family, community support, institutional supplement, and combined with medical and elderly care has been established. This paper holds that long-term care related to medical care should be included into basic health insurance, whereas for the long-term care related to livelihood is a private matter. When private sector cannot provide effective supply in cash and services, the government should build the bottom line and target the objects by setting up a long-term care allowance system that provides long-term living care for the vulnerable elderly. The fiscal expenditure policy should therefore be shifted from targeting the "supply-side" to focusing on the "demand-side". The paper put forward that social insurance for long-term care is not suitable for China's current national conditions. It is recommended to improve the policies regarding healthy pensionand active pension in order to reduce probabilities of disability. The "family supporting and maintaining" policies should also be built up in the elderly care and long-term care systems. |
| Key words:Elderly care service Disabled elderly Long-term care allowances Long-term care insurance |
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