| 引用本文：苏彬彬, 杜鹃, 贾金忠, 王媛媛, 景正伟, 张驰, 王志锋.中国护理人力资源现状及其配置研究[J].中国卫生政策研究,2018,11(12):56-61 |
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| 中国护理人力资源现状及其配置研究 |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-06 修订日期：2018-10-04 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 苏彬彬1, 杜鹃1, 贾金忠2, 王媛媛3, 景正伟1, 张驰4, 王志锋1 |
1. 北京大学公共卫生学院 北京 100191;
2. 北京大学研究生院医学部分院 北京 100191;
3. 北京大学医学部教育处 北京 100191;
4. 北京医院教育处 国家老年医学中心 北京 100730 |
| 摘要:目的：从数量、结构和配置公平性等几个方面分析中国护理人才队伍的现状，并探讨护理人才队伍建设中存在的问题，为政府部门制定护理人才队伍建设策略提供依据。方法：运用《中国卫生统计年鉴》和《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》数据，描述性分析中国2010年和2015年注册护士的数量、学历、职称、年龄等基本情况及其变化，采用基尼系数评价中国护理人力资源按人口及地理面积的配置公平性。结果：2010—2015年，中国护理人员的数量呈现较大幅度的增长，人员结构进一步优化并且总体呈现年轻化趋势。从配置公平性角度看，我国护理人力资源按人口分布基尼系数低于0.2，公平性好；按地理面积配置基尼系数接近0.6，处于高度不公平状态。结论：中国护理人才队伍建设成效显著，但是仍存在人才梯队不合理、地区间发展不均衡等问题。建议扩大培养规模，加强护理教育，改善护理效率合理配置资源。 |
| 关键词:注册护士 人力资源 配置公平性 |
| 基金项目:中国学位与研究生教育学会课题，（B1-2015Y0501-037） |
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| Study on the current situation and allocation equity of China's nursing human resources |
| SU Bin-bin1, DU Juan1, JIA Jin-zhong2, WANG Yuan-yuan3, JING Zheng-wei1, ZHANG Chi4, WANG Zhi-feng1 |
1. School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
2. Graduate School Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
3. Department of Education of Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
4. Department of Education Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China |
| Abstract:Objective:To analyze the current situation of Human resources distribution of registered nurses in China, this study aims at providing evidence for the government departments to enact proper strategies from the aspects of quantity, structure and distribution equity, and to explore the problems existing in the nurturing of nursing talents. Methods:Descriptive analysis was used todescribe the quantity and quality of the registered nurse personnel during the period from 2010 to 2015, and the configuration fairness was evaluated by Gini Coefficient according to the population and size of geographical areausing data from China Health Statistics Yearbook and China Health and Family Planning Statistics Yearbook. Results:The results showed that from 2010 to 2015, the number of registered nurse personnel presented an increasing trend, and the personnel structure was further optimized and showed an overall trend of younger. From the perspective of distribution equity, the China's nursing personnel have a Gini coefficient which is less than 0.2, and this highlights a good fairness according to the distribution of the population; the Gini coefficient of the geographical area allocation was around 0.6, which shows great disparity. Conclusions:Remarkable results have been achieved in nursing human resource construction in China,but there are also many problems such as unreasonable nursing talent echelon and the uneven development across regions cannot be ignored too. It is recommended to expand the scaleof nurse training, strengthen the nursing education, improve the nursing efficiency and reasonably allocate the nursing human resources. |
| Key words:Registered nurse Human resources Allocation equity |
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