| 引用本文：和红, 闫辰聿, 张娇, 王攀, 黄芊源.发展生态学理论视角下困境家庭儿童健康水平影响因素研究[J].中国卫生政策研究,2020,13(5):10-18 |
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| 发展生态学理论视角下困境家庭儿童健康水平影响因素研究 |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-17 修订日期：2020-04-25 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 和红, 闫辰聿, 张娇, 王攀, 黄芊源 |
| 中国人民大学社会与人口学院 中国人民大学健康科学研究所 北京 100872 |
| 摘要:目的：探究困境家庭儿童健康水平影响因素，为困境家庭儿童制定健康相应政策提供理论依据。方法：基于发展生态学理论框架，利用2018年8-9月开展的困境家庭儿童全国抽样调查数据，采用卡方检验和两独立样本T检验，分析困境家庭儿童和对照家庭儿童各指标差异，采用有序多分类Logistic回归进行多因素分析，采用倾向值匹配法分析社会救助政策对困境家庭儿童健康的影响。结果：困境家庭儿童与对照组儿童自评健康水平间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。基于发展生态学系统观，困境家庭儿童和对照组儿童各指标间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。年龄、民族、家庭人均年收入、监护人生活照顾、监护人沟通交流、一周吃新鲜水果次数、家庭是否重视学习、监护人受教育程度、是否接受社会救助补贴、规定接受国家疫苗接种是影响困境家庭儿童健康的因素（P<0.05）。接受社会救助补贴对困境家庭儿童自评健康水平有显著正向促进作用（t>2.576，P<0.01）。结论和建议：家庭因素是困境家庭儿童健康水平重要影响因素，政策干预应当促进落实"家庭责任"，重视困境家庭儿童社会保障工作，完善困境家庭儿童社会救助体系。 |
| 关键词:困境家庭儿童 健康水平 发展生态学理论 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“困境家庭儿童健康问题研究（17JJD840001）”；北京市社科基金项目研究基地重点项目“北京市居民环境意识、环境行为与健康的关系研究（17JDSRA004）” |
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| Analysis of factors influencing the health level of children in distressed families: From the Perspective of Human Development Ecology |
| HE Hong, YAN Chen-yu, ZHANG Jiao, WANG Pan, HUANG Qian-yuan |
| Institute of Health Science Research, School of Sociology & Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China |
| Abstract:Objective:To explore the factors influencing children's health level in distressed families, and to provide reference for formulating the corresponding health policies. Methods:Based on the theoretical framework of human development ecology and using the national sample survey data of distressed families recorded during the period from August to September 2018, chi square test and two independent samples t-test methods were used to analyze the differences between indicators of children from distressed families and those from peaceful families. Ordered multinomiallogistic regression was used to analyze multi-class problems, and propensity score analysis method was used to analyze the influence of social assistance policies on the health level of children in distressed families. Results:There were significant differences in self-rated health levels between children from distressed families and those from peaceful families (P<0.01). Based on the four-system view of human development ecology, the differences between children from distressed families and those from peaceful families were statistically significant (P<0.05). Age, ethnicity, family's per capita annual income, guardian or caregiver life care, communication and exchange with guardians, frequency of eating fresh fruits in a week, whether the family attaches importance to learning, guardian's education level, whether receiving social assistance subsidy, and whether receiving national vaccination were the mainfactors impacting the health level of childrenin distressed families (P<0.05). The social assistance subsidy had a significant positive effect on distressed family children's self-rated health (T>2.576, P<0.01). Conclusions and suggestions:The family doctor is an important factor that has much influence on children's health level. Policy interventions should promote the implementation of "family responsibilities", pay attention to the social security work of children in distressed families, and improve the social assistance system of children who are suffering from difficulties of their families. |
| Key words:Children in distressed family Health Level Human development ecology |
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