| 引用本文：杜本峰, 耿蕊.困境家庭儿童亲社会行为影响因素、作用与边际效应分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2020,13(11):9-17 |
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| 困境家庭儿童亲社会行为影响因素、作用与边际效应分析 |
| 投稿时间：2020-10-15 修订日期：2020-11-19 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 杜本峰, 耿蕊 |
| 中国人民大学公共健康与疾控交叉学科重大创新平台 中国人民大学健康科学研究所 中国人民大学社会与人口学院 北京 100872 |
| 摘要:目的：探讨困境家庭儿童亲社会行为的影响因素、作用并进行边际效应分析，为家庭、政府、社会有针对性实施促进困境家庭儿童亲社会行为的干预措施提供实证依据。方法：利用“困境家庭儿童健康调查”（2018年）数据，基于社会生态学理论，使用列联分析和卡方检验考察困境家庭儿童和普通家庭儿童亲社会行为的差异；运用有序多分类logistic回归分析环境变量对儿童亲社会行为的影响，采用边际效应分析不同层面的环境因素对困境家庭儿童亲社会行为不同等级的影响。结果：困境家庭儿童更易产生较差的亲社会行为；其认知能力、监护人的养育行为与生活照料的缺失以及朋友质量等因素对亲社会行为的发展产生重要影响；就影响因素作用看，监护人与儿童的沟通情况和朋友质量会加大困境家庭儿童和普通家庭儿童亲社会行为的差异；就亲社会行为处于不同程度的边际效应看，学习成绩优秀、监护人为其提供较好生活照顾、监护人经常与其沟通的困境家庭儿童亲社会行为处于正常范围的概率显著提高，监护人在过去一年打过儿童、朋友质量差的困境家庭儿童亲社会行为处于临界值和异常范围的概率显著增加。结论：社会生态系统中儿童子系统、父母子系统、儿童环境子系统都在不同程度上作用于儿童特别是困境家庭儿童的亲社会行为，政策干预应当综合造成个体行为异质性的各种环境因素，重视困境家庭儿童的心理建设和社会化发展。 |
| 关键词:困境家庭儿童 亲社会行为 社会生态理论 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目（17JJD840001）；国家自然科学基金（71373272，71974194） |
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| Analysis on influencing factors, functions and marginal effects of the prosocial behavior of children in dilemma families |
| DU Ben-feng, GENG Rui |
| Public Health and Disease Control Interdisciplinary Major Innovation Platform, Institute of Health Science Research, School of Sociology&Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China |
| Abstract:Objective: To explore the influencing factors, functions and marginal effects of children's prosocial behavior in dilemma families (DilF), and to provide empirical evidence for right and effective implementation of targeted intervention measures within the families, governments and the society to promote children's prosocial behavior in those troubled families. Methods: Based on the data of "Children's Health Survey of Dilemma Families" collected in 2018 and the theory of social ecology, the similarities and differences of prosocial behavior between children from dilemma families (herein referred to as DilF children) and children from ordinary families (OrdFchildren) were investigated by contingency analysis and chi-square test. The influence of environmental variables on children's prosocial behavior was analyzed using the ordered multi-classification logistic regression, and the influence of environmental factors at different levels on children's prosocial behavior in dilemma families was investigated using the marginal effect. Results: It was found that DilF children were more likely to have poor prosocial behavior than OrdF children. Factors such as children's cognitive ability, guardian's parenting behavior and lack of better life care, and the types of DilF children's friends had a significant impact on the development of their prosocial behaviors. As far as its influencing factors are concerned, the communication between guardians and children and the types of friends was found to likely increase the difference of prosocial behaviors between DilF children and OrdF children.According to the marginal effects of prosocial behavior in different degrees, the probability of prosocial behavior of DilF children with excellent academic performance, better life care provided by their guardians and frequent communication with their guardians significantly increased, and the probability of prosocial behavior had significantly increased for DilF children with poor friends in the year before. Conclusion: Children's subsystem, parents' subsystem and children's environment subsystem in social ecosystem altogether do affect children's prosocial behavior, especially DilF children are the most affected. Policy intervention should integrate various environmental factors that cause heterogeneity of individual behavior, and pay attention to the DilF children's psychological construction and social development, so as to bridge the gap between them and OrdF chilren. |
| Key words:Children in dilemma families Prosocial behavior Social ecological theory |
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