引用本文:王栋, 田勇泉, 钱招昕, 唐艳.应对传染病流行事件的发热门诊和定点救治医院空间可达性分析——以湖南省为例[J].中国卫生政策研究,2021,14(8):74-79 |
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应对传染病流行事件的发热门诊和定点救治医院空间可达性分析——以湖南省为例 |
投稿时间:2021-07-19 修订日期:2021-08-06 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
王栋1,2, 田勇泉2, 钱招昕1,3, 唐艳1,3 |
1. 中南大学湘雅医院 湖南长沙 410008; 2. 中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院 湖南长沙 410078; 3. 中南大学医院管理研究所 湖南长沙 410008 |
摘要:目的:描述分析发热门诊和定点救治医院的空间分布与可达性,为应对重大传染病流行事件的医疗资源供给配置提供参考依据。方法:以湖南省344家发热门诊和224家定点救治医院(含后备医院)为研究对象,采用最近设施点分析和两步移动搜索法分别分析发热门诊和定点救治医院的可达性。结果:湖南省发热门诊每10万人0.51个,45.25%的居民和16.31%的地域能在15分钟内行车到达发热门诊;发热门诊呈现以县中心可达性高且向边缘递减的空间格局。湖南省定点救治医院的床位总数为14.35万张,每万人床位数为21.19张。结论与建议:湖南省发热门诊在市县之间空间分布较为均衡,人口密度较高的城市配置较多,但行车60分钟才能基本覆盖全域和绝大部分居民,一定程度上影响“哨点”作用的发挥。建议结合湖南省基层医疗机构的资源进一步优化农村地区发热门诊以及城市定点救治医院的布局配置。 |
关键词:传染病流行事件 发热门诊 定点救治医院 可达性 |
基金项目:美国中华医学基金会(CMB)OC项目(20-368) |
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An analysis on spatial accessibility of fever clinics and designated hospitals in response to epidemic events of infectious diseases: A case study of Hunan province |
WANG Dong1,2, TIAN Yong-quan2, QIAN Zhao-xin1,3, TANG Yan1,3 |
1. Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410008, China; 2. Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410078, China; 3. Hospital Administration Institute, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410008, China |
Abstract:Objectives:To describe and analyze the spatial distribution and accessibility of fever clinics and designated hospitals, so as to provide reference for the supply and allocation of medical resources in response to epidemic events of major infectious diseases. Methods:Taking Hunan province of China as the subject region, 344 fever clinics and 224 designated hospitals (including backup hospitals) in this area were selected as the subject sites. The nearest facility analysis method and the two-step floating catchment area method were adopted to analyze the accessibility of fever clinics and designated hospitals. Results:There were 0.51 fever clinics per 100,000 people in Hunan province, and 70.35% of them were located in secondary medical institutions. fever clinics are accessible within 15 minutes by car by 45.25% of residents and in 16.31% of the subject region. Fever clinics are mostly located in densely populated areas, showing a spatial pattern characterized by high accessibility in the central areas of counties and decreasing accessibility to the edge areas thereof. The total number of beds in designated hospitals in Hunan province is 143,500, with an average hospital bed rate of 21.19 per 10,000 populations, and 55.74% of these hospital beds are in secondary medical institutions. Conclusions and Suggestions:The spatial distribution of fever clinics in Hunan province is relatively balanced among cities and counties. More fever clinics are allocated in those cities with a higher population density, which is conducive to early detection of infectious disease cases in such cities. However, the basic coverage of the whole region and the majority of residents is realized only by driving for 60 minutes, which affects the function of the sentinel points to a certain extent. In Hunan province, the allocation of hospital bed resources in designated hospitals is relatively sufficient, but the accessibility in urban areas with a high population density is relatively low. It is suggested to further optimize the layout and allocation of fever clinics in rural areas and designated hospitals in cities in combination with the resources of primary medical institutions in Hunan province. |
Key words:Epidemic events of infectious diseases Fever clinics Designated hospitals Accessibility |
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