| 引用本文：俞清源, 尤莉莉.城市健康公平性评估与应对工具Urban HEART的应用及对我国的启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2022,15(8):54-61 |
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| 城市健康公平性评估与应对工具Urban HEART的应用及对我国的启示 |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-01 修订日期：2022-08-03 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 俞清源, 尤莉莉 |
| 中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院卫生健康管理政策学院 北京 100730 |
| 摘要:城市健康公平性评估与应对工具(Urban HEART)由世界卫生组织开发，旨在解决城市间与城市内的健康不平等问题。该工具为城市卫生政策制定者、决策者和规划者提供一个公平的视角，全面客观地呈现本地的健康相关状况，并辅助其制定适用于各地的干预措施。城市健康公平性评估应对工具已在全球100多个城市中得到运用。各地实施Urban HEART的关键经验包括：利益相关者的通力合作、强有力的政治意愿、本土化的指标以及长期有效机制的建立。工具以“评估、应对、政策、实施”四部分为一个周期，实现循环上升的健康结果和公平性问题改善。本文采用文献资料法,介绍了城市健康公平性评估与应对工具的内容，阐述各地实际运用案例并进行比较，总结梳理各城市运用Urban HEART的实际经验和问题挑战，以期为我国健康城市建设工作和解决健康不公平问题提供参考。 |
| 关键词:健康公平 健康社会决定因素 评估与应对 城市健康公平性评估与应对 工具 |
| 基金项目:中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程“基于卫生健康体系学的健康中国建设战略研究”(2021-12M-1-046) |
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| The application of urban health equity assessment and response tool (Urban HEART) and its implications to China |
| YU Qing-yuan, YOU Li-li |
| School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China |
| Abstract:Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART) was developed by World Health Organization to address health inequity problems among and within cities. This tool provides a fair perspective for health policy makers, decision makers and planners of cities, comprehensively and objectively presents the local health related situations, and assists in formulating intervention measures suitable to different regions. Nowadays, Urban HEART has been applied in over 100 cities. Key experience in its practice includes: thorough cooperation of stakeholders, strong political will, localized indicators and the establishment of a long-term effective mechanism. Urban HEART takes “assessment, response, policy and implementation” as a cycle to achieve repeatedly improved health outcomes and equity. Via literature review, this paper introduced the content of the Urban HEART, elaborated and compared cases of its actual application, and summarized the practice experience and challenges of its implementation in various cities, which should provide references for the construction of healthy cities and the resolution of health inequity problems in China. |
| Key words:Health equity Urban health Determining factors of healthy society Assessment and intervention Tools |
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