| 引用本文：杨嘉乐, 王睿娟, 陈虹宇, 梁晓晖.中国生育政策的文本量化分析——基于政策工具、政策包容性、政策力度的三维分析框架[J].中国卫生政策研究,2023,16(9):15-21 |
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| 中国生育政策的文本量化分析——基于政策工具、政策包容性、政策力度的三维分析框架 |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-03 修订日期：2023-08-16 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 杨嘉乐1,2, 王睿娟1,2, 陈虹宇1,2, 梁晓晖1,2 |
1. 武汉大学公共卫生学院 湖北武汉 430072;
2. 武汉大学全球健康研究中心 湖北武汉 430072 |
| 摘要:目的：对我国实施全面二孩政策以来的生育政策进行文本量化分析，为完善我国生育政策提供建议。方法：检索2016年以来发布的国家层面的生育政策文本，构建政策工具、政策包容性、政策力度三维分析框架，并对政策文本进行多维度及交叉对比分析。结果：本文共纳入45份政策文本，命令及规制性工具、能力建设性工具、激励性工具和信息及劝诫性工具占比依次为50.90%、39.16%、9.34%和9.94%；政策文本在尊重生育理念、促进生育公平、提升社会福祉三个政策包容性类型上分别占比12.14%、20.39%、67.48%；我国生育政策力度平均得分为2.67。结论：生育政策的政策工具内部均衡性不足，激励性与信息及劝诫性工具的使用有待加强；政策包容性类型丰富但使用不均衡，需要进一步促进性别平等和生育公平；政策力度整体偏弱，且与政策主体协调性不足，应进一步深化多部门参与协作，从财政、教育、文化等多个层面落实好生育配套措施，创建生育友好型社会。 |
| 关键词:生育政策 文本分析 政策工具 政策包容性 政策力度 |
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| Text quantitative study of China's fertility policy: A three-dimensional analysis framework based on policy tools, policy inclusiveness, and policy strength |
| YANG Jia-le1,2, WANG Rui-juan1,2, CHEN Hong-yu1,2, LIANG Xiao-hui1,2 |
1. School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China;
2. Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China |
| Abstract:Objective: The study is to provide suggestions for improving China's fertility policy system on the basis of a text quantitative analysis of China's fertility policy texts since the implementation of the universal two-child policy. Methods: Upon retrieving policy texts released by State or central-level fertility after 2016, a three-dimensional analysis framework of policy tools, policy inclusiveness, and policy strength is constructed, within which multidimensional and cross-comparative analyses of policy texts were conducted. Results: A total of 45 policy texts are included, and the percentages of command and regulation tools, capacity construction tools, incentive tools, and information exhortation tools are 50.90%, 39.16%, 9.34%, and 9.94%, respectively; the percentages of policy texts falling into policy inclusiveness type regarding respect of concept of fertility, promotion of fertility equity, and enhancement of social well-being are 12.14%, 20.39%, and 67.48% respectively; the average strength of fertility policy scores 2.67. Conclusion: The internal balance of policy tools of fertility policy is insufficient, and the application of motivational and exhortation tools needs to be strengthened; policy inclusiveness is abundant but unevenly used, and gender equality and fertility equity need to be further promoted ; the overall policy strength is weak and coordination with policy subjects is insufficient, and multi-sectoral participation and collaboration should be further deepened, and supporting measures for childbirth should be implemented from the perspectives of finance, education, and culture to create a fertility-friendly society. |
| Key words:Fertility policy Text analysis Policy tools Policy inclusiveness Policy strength |
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