| 引用本文：喻月慧,秦菁霞,毛雅宣,等.儿童青少年体质健康变化与城乡差异:影响因素及政策启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2025,18(4):36-44 |
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| 儿童青少年体质健康变化与城乡差异:影响因素及政策启示 |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-28 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 喻月慧1,2,秦菁霞1,2,毛雅宣1,2,李珍2,3 |
| 1.中国人民大学公共管理学院 北京 100872 ;2.中国人民大学健康保障研究中心 北京 100872 ;3.武汉大学政治与公共管理学院 湖北武汉 430072 |
| 摘要:目的:基于队列和城乡差异视角分析儿童青少年体质健康影响因素,为优化健康干预政策提供参考。方法:利用2012—2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据呈现儿童青少年在身高、体重两个维度的体质健康变化趋势,采用分层混合效应模型探讨家庭收入、医疗保险、地区公共卫生支出等社会经济因素对儿童青少年体质健康的影响,并运用交互项模型分析出生队列和城乡背景下的异质效应。结果:我国儿童青少年体质健康改善明显,但仍存在城乡差距。家庭收入、父母教育水平、医疗保险等因素对体质健康具有保护效应,但作用强度随队列变化,且城乡间存在差异,农村儿童青少年的身高发育及体重情况与地区经济发展、医保关系更密切。结论:儿童青少年体质健康影响因素具有动态性,需构建分层分类的健康促进体系,在农村地区强化医保覆盖与健康干预力度,城市地区侧重家庭健康生活方式引导。 |
| 关键词:儿童青少年 身高 超重 影响因素 队列 城乡差异 |
| 基金项目:中国人民大学健康保障研究中心项目“完善中国儿童医疗保障制度研究”(2022K20156) |
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| Changes and urban-rural disparities in the physical health of children and adolescents:Influencing factors and policy implications |
| YU Yue-hui1,2, QIN Jing-xia1,2, MAO Ya-xuan1,2, LI Zhen2,3 |
| 1.School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China ;2.Centre for Health Protection Research, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China ;3.School of Political Science & Public Administration, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China |
| Abstract:Objectives:To analyze factors associated with physical fitness and health in children and adolescents from the perspective of cohort and urban-rural differences in order to provide evidence for optimizing health intervention policies. Methods:Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2012 to 2020, this study examined trends in the health of children and adolescents in terms of height and weight. A hierarchical mixed-effects model was used to examine the impact of socioeconomic factors such as household income, health insurance and regional public health expenditure on physical fitness and health. Interaction models were also used to assess heterogeneous effects across birth cohorts and urban-rural contexts. Results:The physical fitness and health of children and adolescents in China have improved significantly, but urban-rural disparities persist. Household income, parental education and health insurance have protective effects on health, but the strength of these effects varies by cohort and between urban and rural areas. Height and weight outcomes for rural children were more closely associated with economic development and health insurance coverage. Conclusions:The factors associated with physical fitness and health in children and adolescents are dynamic. It is necessary to establish a tiered and targeted health promotion system, strengthening health insurance coverage and interventions in rural areas, while prioritizing family-based healthy lifestyle counselling in urban areas. |
| Key words:Children and adolescents Height Overweight Influencing factors Cohort Urban-rural disparities |
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