| 引用本文：皇甫慧慧,李海燕,郝模,等.高质量发展背景下我国基层医疗卫生资源配置的地区差距及动态演进分析——基于Dagum基尼系数分解与核密度估计[J].中国卫生政策研究,2025,18(9):57-66 |
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| 高质量发展背景下我国基层医疗卫生资源配置的地区差距及动态演进分析——基于Dagum基尼系数分解与核密度估计 |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-06 修订日期：2025-09-11 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 皇甫慧慧1,2,3，李海燕3,4，郝模3,5，李程跃3,5 |
| 1.南京中医药大学养老服务与管理学院 江苏南京 210023;2.南京中医药大学养老产业学院 江苏南京 210023;3.健康风险预警治理协同创新中心 上海 200032;4.山东第二医科大学管理学院 山东潍坊 261053;5.复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心 上海 200032 |
| 摘要:目的 探讨2009—2023年我国基层医疗卫生资源配置的地区公平性状况及其动态演进规律。方法 基于中国基层医疗卫生资源统计数据，运用Dagum基尼系数分解方法分析2009—2023年我国基层医疗卫生资源配置的地区公平性差异，利用核密度估计方法探究资源配置的空间分布动态演进过程。结果 2009—2023年我国基层医疗卫生资源配置总量持续增长，机构数、床位数、人员数分别增长15.20%、65.53%、101.83%，但区域间差异依然显著；不同类型资源配置公平性呈分化趋势，人员配置基尼系数从0.14降至0.07，床位配置基尼系数从0.15升至0.22，机构配置保持相对稳定；核密度估计显示人员配置从双峰分布转变为单峰集中分布，床位配置分布更加分散。结论 我国基层医疗卫生资源配置存在人员配置公平性改善与床位配置公平性恶化并存的分化现象。应建立分类施策的配置体系，实施区域协调发展策略，完善监测评估机制，强化技术支撑。 |
| 关键词:基层医疗卫生资源 地区差距 动态演进 Dagum基尼系数 核密度估计 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（72374046）； 上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划项目（GWIV-32、GWV-12、GWVI-12）； 中医养老学交叉学科项目（2025YLFWYGL009） |
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| Analysis on regional disparities and dynamic evolution of primary healthcare resource allocation in China under high-quality development： Based on Dagum Gini Coefficient Decomposition and Kernel Density Estimation |
| HUANGFU Hui-hui1,2,3, LI Hai-yan3,4, HAO Mo3,5, LI Cheng-yue3,5 |
| 1.School of Elderly Care Services and Management， Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， Nanjing Jiangsu 210023， China;2.School of Aging Industry， Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， Nanjing Jiangsu 210023， China;3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health， Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China;4.School of Management， Shandong Second Medical University， Weifang Shandong 261053， China;5.Research Institute of Health Development Strategies， Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China |
| Abstract:Objective To explore the regional equity status and dynamic evolution patterns of primary healthcare resource allocation in China from 2009 to 2023.Methods Based on statistical data of China’s primary healthcare resources， the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method was used to analyze regional equity differences in primary healthcare resource allocation in China from 2009 to 2023， and Kernel density estimation was employed to investigate the spatial distribution and dynamic evolution process of resource allocation.Results From 2009 to 2023， the total volume of primary healthcare resources in China continued to grow， with institutions， beds， and personnel increasing by 15.20%， 65.53%， and 101.83% respectively， but significant regional disparities persist. Different types of resource allocation showed divergent equity trends： the Gini coefficient for personnel allocation decreased from 0.14 to 0.07， while the Gini coefficient for bed allocation increased from 0.15 to 0.22， and institutional allocation remained relatively stable. Kernel density estimation revealed that personnel allocation transformed from a bimodal distribution to a concentrated unimodal distribution， while bed allocation became more dispersed.Conclusion China’s primary healthcare resource allocation exhibits a divergent phenomenon with concurrent improvement in personnel allocation equity and deterioration in bed allocation equity. It is necessary to establish a differentiated allocation system with targeted policies， implement regional coordinated development strategies， improve monitoring and evaluation mechanisms， and strengthen technological support. |
| Key words:Primary healthcare resources Regional disparities Dynamic evolution Dagum Gini Coefficient Kernel Density Estimation |
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