| 引用本文：王慧英,陈敏.弹性工作的健康风险及医疗保障的缓冲作用[J].中国卫生政策研究,2025,18(10):49-57 |
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| 弹性工作的健康风险及医疗保障的缓冲作用 |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-12 修订日期：2025-10-20 PDF全文浏览 HTML全文浏览 |
| 王慧英，陈敏 |
| 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院 北京 100070 |
| 摘要:为探究弹性工作对中国劳动者健康的影响及其内在机制，并考察基本医疗保险与最低工资政策的调节作用。研究基于中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2020年与2022年两期面板数据，构建双向固定效应模型，检验弹性工作对劳动者身心健康的影响。结果表明，弹性工作显著降低了劳动者的身体健康水平，但对心理健康的影响未通过显著性检验。弹性工作主要通过模糊工作—家庭边界和引发收入惩罚效应对身体健康产生负面影响。该负面影响在男性、中老年、低教育水平、正规就业及有固定工作场所的劳动者群体中更为显著。城镇职工医疗保险、城乡居民基本医疗保险及最低工资制度能够有效缓解弹性工作对健康的负面冲击。为此，应着力扩大医疗保障覆盖面、合理设定最低工资标准，以构建更具健康包容性的弹性工作环境。 |
| 关键词:健康风险 弹性工作 基本医疗保险 |
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| The health risks of flexible work and the buffering effect of medical security |
| WANG Hui-ying, CHEN Min |
| School of Labor Economics， Capital University of Economics and Business， Beijing 100070， China |
| Abstract:To investigate the impact of flexible work on the health of Chinese workers and its underlying mechanisms， as well as to examine the moderating role of basic medical insurance and minimum wage policies， this study uses two waves of panel data from the China Family Panel Studies （CFPS） in 2020 and 2022. It constructs a two-way fixed effects model to test the influence of flexible work on workers' physical and mental health. The results show that flexible work significantly reduces workers' physical health levels， while its impact on mental health fails to pass the significance test. Flexible work exerts negative effects on physical health mainly by blurring the work-family boundary and triggering the income penalty effect. Such negative impacts are more prominent among specific groups of workers， including males， middle-aged and elderly individuals， those with lower educational levels， formal employees， and workers with fixed workplaces. Urban Employee Medical Insurance， Urban-Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance， and the minimum wage system can effectively mitigate the negative health impacts of flexible work. Therefore， efforts should be made to expand the coverage of medical insurance and set reasonable minimum wage standards， so as to build a more health-inclusive flexible work environment. |
| Key words:Health risk Flexible work Basic medical insurance |
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