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| 投稿时间： 2015-04-03 最后修改时间： 2015-05-04 摘要点击次数: 3257 全文下载次数: 1519 |
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| 引用本文：王云屏, 梁文杰, 杨洪伟,等.中国卫生发展援助的理念与实践[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(5):37-43 |
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| 王云屏1, 梁文杰2, 杨洪伟1, 曹桂1, 樊晓丹1, 金楠1, 王翾2 |
1. 国家卫生计生委卫生发展研究中心 北京 100191;
2. 广西医科大学 广西南宁 530021 |
| 基金项目:中英全球卫生项目 |
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| | 摘要:新中国成立后中国卫生发展援助经历了三个发展阶段,形成了派遣援外医疗队、援建医疗卫生设施等援助形式.改革开放后,世界格局和国内的经济社会基础发生深刻变化;过去相对简单、分散的卫生援助模式对受援国卫生系统的影响有限;卫生援助管理体制分散,缺乏顶层设计,导致援助效果打折;在西方国家主导的国际规则体系下,中国的卫生制度模式、技术和产品的输出受到限制;与受援国日益增长的需求相比,我国开展卫生合作的能力有待提高.建议以“新大国观、新义利观”、“以人为本”的思想和“以援助促发展、以发展促合作、最终实现共同发展”的理念指导中国卫生发展援助;创新适应国内外经济社会发展的“立体式”援助模式;改革卫生援助管理体制,合理界定部门权责,加强信息共享与协调;将卫生发展援助与全球卫生治理结合起来,促进援助外溢效应最大化;发挥民间力量的作用,加强引导和监管. | |
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关键词:中国 卫生发展援助 理念 实践 创新
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| Ideology and practice of development assistance for health in China |
| WANG Yun-ping1, LIANG Wen-jie2, YANG Hong-wei1, CAO Gui1, FAN Xiao-dan1, JIN Nan1, WANG Xuan2 |
1. National Health Development Research Center, NHFPC, Beijing 100191, China;
2. Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Guangxi 530021, China |
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| | Abstract:Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the development of China's official development assistance for health has been going through three phases. To date, it has developed in many forms, including the dispatch of medical team and the construction of health facilities. Since the market reforms, the global context together with the domestic socioeconomic foundations have changed; the impact of China's relatively simple and segmented development assistance for health on the development of health systems in developing countries is limited; the effectiveness of assistance has been watered-down due to segmentation and vague management and accountability systems, as well as the lack of an overarching strategy; China's health institutions, techniques and products suffer various obstacles in their transfer to other countries where rules are dominated by western countries; compared with the increasing and multiple demands of development assistance for health from developing countries, the capacities of cooperation need to be further developed. As the paper suggests, use the “new major-country” and “new morality-interest” and “human oriented” concepts, as well as the ideology of “aid in order to develop, develop in order to cooperate, so as to develop hand-in-hand” to guide China's development assistance for health; innovate stereo-aid models to adapt to the changed foreign and domestic socioeconomic context; reform the development assistance for health management system and define rights and obligations appropriately; strengthen coordination and information sharing; link development assistance for health with global health governance to promote a maximized spillover effect; mobilize the civil society with strengthened guidance and supervision. | |
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