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| 投稿时间： 2015-06-09 最后修改时间： 2015-08-10 摘要点击次数: 2239 全文下载次数: 4 |
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| 引用本文：侯磊, 温伟军, 金超,等.住院病人空间分布函数研究[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(9):69-74 |
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| 侯磊, 温伟军, 金超, 熊雪晨, 周奕男, 白鸽, 罗力 |
| 复旦大学公共卫生学院 上海 200032 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(71473045) |
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| | 摘要:目的:研究住院病人空间分布以及住院病人距离衰减系数,了解居民医疗服务获得的地理可及性现状,为区域卫生规划提供决策依据。方法:随机抽取23家医疗机构住院病人,利用地理信息系统计算病人到就诊医疗机构的距离以及相应的住院病人概率,进行多种曲线模型拟合,根据决定系数和模拟图形选择适宜的模型,得出相应的距离衰减系数。结果:指数曲线模型在二级医疗机构中拟合效果较好,乘幂曲线模型在三级医疗机构中拟合效果较好。指数曲线模型中二级综合医疗机构、二级专科医疗机构住院病人距离衰减系数均值分别为0.51、0.50。乘幂曲线模型中三级综合医疗机构、三级专科医疗机构住院病人距离衰减系数均值分别为0.84、0.53。结论:二级医疗机构住院病人概率随距离衰减的趋势快于三级医疗机构,综合医疗机构住院病人概率随距离衰减的趋势快于专科医疗机构。在区域卫生规划中计算卫生资源配置水平时,对于不同级别、类别的医疗机构应采用不同的距离衰减系数。 | |
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关键词:空间分布 住院病人距离衰减系数 指数曲线模型 乘幂曲线模型 地理信息系统
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| Analysis on the inpatients spatial distribution function |
| HOU Lei, WEN Wei-jun, JIN Chao, XIONG Xue-chen, ZHOU Yi-nan, BAI Ge, LUO Li |
| School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China |
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| | Abstract:Objective: The research aimed to figure out the geographic availability of the residence in the aspect of receiving health service thereby studying the spatial distribution regulation and the distance attenuation coefficient of the inpatients. It also provides the decision-making basis for the regional health planning. Methods: Select 23 medical institutions and randomly pick up patients from each of them, calculate the distance between the inpatients home and the medical institutions, then simulate the corresponding probability patients using the Geographical Information System (GIS). Perform a variety of curve fitting models according to the determination and simulation graphics coefficient choosing the most appropriate model, and draw corresponding the distance attenuation coefficient. Results: An exponential curve model is better than power curve model for the secondary medical institutions inpatients distribution and contrarily for those in the tertiary medical institutions. The mean distance attenuation coefficient was 0.51 for exponential curve model of secondary comprehensive medical institutions inpatients and its average was 0.50 for the secondary specialist medical institutions inpatients. The mean distance attenuation coefficient was 0.84 for the power curve model of the tertiary comprehensive medical institutions inpatient and its average was 0.53 for tertiary specialist medical institutions inpatients. Conclusion: The secondary medical institutions inpatient probable attenuation trends with distance are faster than in tertiary medical institutions, those for the comprehensive medical institutions inpatient are faster than in the specialist medical institutions. In the regional health planning, for different levels, categories of medical institutions should adopt different distance attenuation coefficients to calculate the health resources level. | |
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